Solids control in directional crossing projects

Separation point of mud solids control equipment comes out from comparing mass velocities of solid phases in different sizes and identical size discharged. Injection velocity, discharge velocity and underflow velocity are needed to test certain equipment. Mass injection velocity can be achieved if injection flow density is multiplied by volume flow rate while mass discharge velocity is given by the multiplication of discharge flow rate by volume flow rate. Apparently, aggregate discharge velocity should be the same with mass injection velocity. Usually, discharge flow is deserted while the rest stays in the mud. Prior to measuring the solid phase in liquid flows, it is primary to see if mass balance equation is well fit, i.e, if both volume velocity and mass velocity reach balance.

Solids control equipment

Horizontal directional crossing are still very young at home and even abroad. However, in recent years, thanks to the substantial development of pipeline directional crossing and large-scale construction of domestic oil & gas pipelines, crossing length and diameter have kept updating the records. Drilling fluids plays an important role in directional crossing projects for its decisive impact on the projects’ effects.

Directional crossing projects demand strong drilling fluids performance:

Drilling fluids, fairly important for directional crossing projects, is a mixture of water, bentonite, additives, etc. with its composition adjustable on actual requirements in the projects. Complex geology and large crossing diameter & length demand strong drilling fluids performance, and, correspondently, different concoction measures to ensure successful crossing.

1. Drilling fluids should have appropriate viscosity and liquidity and good ability to carry drill cuttings. In this way, it can stay suspended at the bottom of borehole and its liquidity can easily carry cuttings back to the ground.

2. Drilling fluids should be able to well protect the inner walls and better stabilize the drill hole wall, especially so for those formations of large-hole-diameter and easy-to-collapse.

3. Drilling fluids should be highly lubricative so as to well smooth drag of pipelines. It is especially effective in longer crossing projects that lubrication grease can reduce friction coefficient and back dragging force of pipelines.
4. In order to satisfy the requirements in crossing projects, the fluids pressure and flow should be adjusted from formation to formation and from phase to phase.

So drilling fluids solids control is so indispensable in drilling that we can't work in drilling without it . As one of the professional manufacturers in China solid control, KOSUN provides all the solids control equipment, such as shale shaker, decanter centrifuge,vacuum degasser, etc. KOSUN can also manufacture a whole solids control system for oil& gas drilling as the requirements of the customers.

Petroleum drilling mud decanter centrifuge axiom

Industrial decanter centrifuge is a type of solid-liquid separation gear employed for separating liquid from solid particles or removing all elements in the liquid mixture by utilizing centrifugal force. The industrial decanting centrifuge was made in the middle of nineteenth century, and then the old kind relating to decanter centrifuge adopted intermittent operation and then artificial slag separation.

Mud decanter centrifuge

The drilling mud desander regarding continuous operation was produced within the 1930s as a result of the improvement for slag unloading institution, and at the same time, the centrifuge concerning intermittent operation was also created due to the achievement related to automatic management.

The decanter centrifuge is mostly employed for solids control between solid particles and liquid in the suspension. The horizontal decanter centrifuge is commonly utilised for the chemical business, petroleum market, food industry, medicine industry, mineral processing industry, coal industry, water remedy, ships business, and so forth.

The industrial centrifuge may be divided into the filtering centrifuge and the horizontal decanter centrifuge plus the segregating unit. The decanter centrifuge has the working principle that elements for various densities in the suspension liquid or the emulsion liquid can quickly obtain sedimentation layering to attain liquid and then strong separation.

The centrifuge may be chosen according to the size and concentration of the strong particles within the suspension liquid or the drilling flare ignition device, density contrast of two liquids, the viscosity of the liquids, the qualities regarding the residue or the sediment, coupled with the separation requirement, at the same time, the requirements concerning the moisture content materials about the residue or the sediment and the clarity of the filtering liquid as well as the separated liquid will be taken into consideration to decide the choice of the centrifuge.

After that, the kind and the specification connected with the centrifuge might be determined and tested by thinking about the processing capacity and additionally automatic operation specifications. More often than not, the tiny or compressible particles inside the suspension liquid can employ the decanter centrifuge.
In order to guarantee the security coupled with centrifugal effect, the decanter centrifuge should be placed on a sturdy level surface, and the engineering plastic cover ought to not be placed with any object. The rotor might be checked just before making use of it to check if there are the phenomena related to crack or corrosion.

At the same time, the centrifugal barrel should be tested through crack and aging tests, and also if there exists any problem, it ought to not be stopped instantly.

The operating principle of a decanter centrifuge is based on gravitational separation. Naturally, a component with a higher density would fall to the bottom of a mixture, while the less dense component would be suspended above it. A decanter centrifuge increases the rate of settling through the use of continuous rotation, producing a gravitational force between 1000 to 4000 times that of normal gravitational force.

This reduces the settling time of the components by a large magnitude, whereby mixtures previously having to take hours to settle can be settled in a matter of seconds using a decanter centrifuge. This form of separation enables more rapid and controllable results.